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Atomic Structure

99 MCQ questions with answers and explanations · page 1 of 4

Test yourself▶ 25 question test▶ 50 question test

Q1. Who among the following proposed that the atom is indivisible?

  1. ADalton
  2. BBerzelius
  3. CRutherford
  4. Davogado
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Answer: A) Dalton

Q2. Who first proposed the 'atomic theory' of matter?

  1. ARutherford
  2. BDalton
  3. CThomson
  4. DNiels Vore
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Answer: B) Dalton

Q3. Who developed the model of atomic structure?

  1. AAlfred Nobel
  2. BFaraday
  3. CBohr and Rutherford
  4. DVolta
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Answer: C) Bohr and Rutherford

Q4. Who discovered the atomic nucleus?

  1. ARutherford
  2. BDoulton
  3. CEinstein
  4. DThomson
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Answer: A) Rutherford

Q5. The shape of the nucleus of an atom is-

  1. A10‾⁵ m
  2. B10‾⁹ m
  3. C10.5 m
  4. D10‾¹⁵ m
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Answer: D) 10‾¹⁵ m

Q6. The scattering of which rays can be used to estimate the size of the nucleus?

  1. Aα-particles
  2. Bβ-particles
  3. Cγ-particles
  4. DX-particle
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Answer: A) α-particles

Q7. Rutherford discovered the nucleus by studying the scattering of which substance from gold foil?

  1. Aα
  2. Bβ
  3. Cγ
  4. DX-rays
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Answer: A) α

Q8. Rutherford's α-particle experiment first showed that the atom contains-

  1. Aelectron
  2. BProton
  3. Cnucleus
  4. DNeutron
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Answer: C) nucleus

Q9. Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment on thin gold foil is responsible for the discovery of which of the following?

  1. Aelectron
  2. BProton
  3. Catomic nucleus
  4. DNeutron
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Answer: C) atomic nucleus

Q10. Rutherford's scattering experiment proved the existence of what?

  1. Aatoms in all matter
  2. Belectrons in atoms
  3. CNucleus in atoms
  4. DNeutrons in atoms
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Answer: C) Nucleus in atoms

Q11. Scattering of α-particles from a thin gold foil indicates the presence of

  1. Aelectrons inside an atom
  2. Bprotons inside an atom
  3. Cthe positively charged nucleus at the center of an atom
  4. Disotopes of gold
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Answer: C) the positively charged nucleus at the center of an atom

Q12. Which of the following conclusions could not be drawn from Rutherford's α-particle scattering experiment?

  1. AMost of the space in an atom is empty
  2. BThe radius of the atom is approximately 10⁵ times the radius of the nucleus.
  3. CElectrons move in circular paths of constant energy, called orbits
  4. DAlmost all the mass of an atom is in the nucleus
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Answer: C) Electrons move in circular paths of constant energy, called orbits

Q13. When Rutherford bombarded a thin sheet of metal with alpha (α) particles to discover the nucleus, then-

  1. AMost of the alpha particles passed through the metal foil without any emission.
  2. BAll the alpha particles passed through the metal foil.
  3. CMost of the alpha particles are deflected by small angles
  4. DMost of the alpha particles are reflected back.
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Answer: A) Most of the alpha particles passed through the metal foil without any emission.

Q14. The positive charge of the nucleus was discovered by-

  1. AThomson
  2. BRutherford
  3. CBohr
  4. DJames Chadwick
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Answer: B) Rutherford

Q15. What are the three basic components of an atom?

  1. Aprotons, neutrinos and ions
  2. Bprotons, neutrons and electrons
  3. Cprotium, deuterium and tritium
  4. Dproton, neutron and ion
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Answer: B) protons, neutrons and electrons

Q16. The nucleus of an atom contains the following particles:

  1. Aprotons and neutrons
  2. BElectrons and α-particles
  3. Cprotons and electrons
  4. Delectrons and neutrons
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Answer: A) protons and neutrons

Q17. Which fundamental particles are present in equal numbers in an atom?

  1. Aprotons and neutrons
  2. Belectrons and protons
  3. Cneutrons and electrons
  4. Delectron, proton and neutron
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Answer: B) electrons and protons

Q18. Which of the following is a 'temporary' particle?

  1. Aelectron
  2. BProton
  3. CNeutron
  4. DAll of these
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Answer: C) Neutron

Q19. Which of the following is a chargeless particle?

  1. Aelectron
  2. BProton
  3. CNeutron
  4. DPositron
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Answer: C) Neutron

Q20. Which one of the following most accurately determines the atomic number of an element?

  1. Anumber of protons
  2. Bnumber of protons and electrons
  3. Cnumber of nucleons
  4. DNumber of ions
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Answer: A) number of protons

Q21. Who discovered the electron in the year 1897?

  1. AJ. J. Thomson
  2. BT. A. Edison
  3. CNikolas Tesla
  4. DIsaac Newton
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Answer: A) J. J. Thomson

Q22. Who first successfully determined the charge of an electron?

  1. AThomson
  2. BMillikan
  3. CRutherford
  4. DCoulomb
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Answer: B) Millikan

Q23. Which of the following particles is negatively charged?

  1. AProton
  2. BNeutron
  3. CPositron
  4. Delectron
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Answer: D) electron

Q24. Who first discovered the wave nature of electrons?

  1. AThomson
  2. BDe Broglie
  3. CRutherford
  4. DBohr
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Answer: B) De Broglie

Q25. What is the charge on an electron?

  1. A−1.6 X 10‾¹⁹ C
  2. B+ 1.6 X 10‾¹⁹ C
  3. C−1.6 X 10 ¹⁹ C
  4. D+ 1.6 X 10 ¹⁹ C
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Answer: A) −1.6 X 10‾¹⁹ C

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